Judge:Help

Overview

On the problems page (which is accessible from any page on the Judge by clicking "problems" on the black navigation bar at the top of the page), you will find a list of problems to which you can submit solutions. Clicking the problem name on this page will link you to the problem's description. Note that each problem also has a unique alphanumeric problem code, which you might have to specify when you're ready to submit your solution.

When on a problem description page, you will find a link that reads "Submit" on the right of the problem statement. Clicking this takes you to the submission page and automatically fills in the "Problem code" field of the submission form with the code of the problem you were just viewing. You can also reach the submission form by clicking "submit" on the black navigation bar, but then you will have to fill in the problem code manually.

On the submission form, paste your solution in the box labelled "Code". You can also upload a source file from your computer. After you click "Submit", your program will be compiled (if applicable), run, and evaluated, and you will be taken to a page that shows the results of the evaluation.

Whenever you submit, a copy of your source code, and the date and time and results of your submission, are saved permanently on the server. To view your past submissions, go to the main Submissions page by clicking "submissions" on the navigation bar, and then click "My Submissions" on the right. To view your submissions to a particular problem, navigate to that problem's description page, and then click "My Submissions" on the right.

You can see a list of your solved problems under "My Account".

On the main Judge archive, you can submit as many solutions to any problem as you want. Feel free to solve a problem again in a different language, or using a different algorithm. You'll only get the points for it once, though.

What to do if your program is okay on your computer but not the Judge Understanding the submissions page How the grader works

Guidelines for submitting

• Read all input from standard input, and output to standard output, even if the problem statement says otherwise. This means that you should submit the program as though it would read from the keyboard and write to the screen.

• But don't take this literally! The input is a sequence of characters given left to right, top to bottom, and not a sequence of keystrokes. Don't use functions like getch() or readkey; they won't work. The output is likewise a sequence of characters given left to right, top to bottom, and those characters must be outputted in that order; commands that change the cursor position on the screen will not work. This is because your program will actually be reading from a file and writing to a file.

• Input and output are to be in the exact format indicated on the problem description. Do not prompt for input by printing lines such as "Enter the number of points"; these will end up in the output and your program will be graded incorrect.
• If you are using Java, the name of the class containing main() must match the problem code exactly.
• For most problems, the judge will mark your solution correct regardless of how much trailing space appears in the output. Likewise, empty lines are simply ignored.
• The judge does care about spelling and punctuation. Forgetting commas, for example, will cause your program to be marked wrong.
• Unless there is a good reason to do so, DO NOT read in multiple test cases in one shot, store them in an array, and then output their answers all in one shot. Instead, process the test cases one by one. See below for more details.

If you're not getting accepted, don't blame the judge; it's usually your fault. However, if nobody has yet solved the problem you're trying to do (or very few), and you think there might actually be a bug, contact Brian.

Important note: Suppose that the problem A plus B had multiple test cases. So, the first line of the input file would be N (1 ≤ N ≤ 100), the number of test cases to follow, and each subsequent line would contain two integers. For each line containing a pair of integers in the input file, the corresponding line in the output file should contain their sum. For example:

Sample Input

3
1 2
3 4
5 6

Sample Output

3
7
11

Here is how a good solution might look (in C++):

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	int N,i,a,b;
	cin >> N;
	for (i=0; i<N; i++)
	{
		cin >> a >> b;
		cout << a+b << endl;
	}
	return 0;
}

And here is how an unnecessarily complicated solution might look:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	int array[100];
	int N,i,a,b;
	cin >> N;
	for (i=0; i<N; i++)
	{
		cin >> a >> b;
		array[i]=a+b;
	}
	for (i=0; i<N; i++)
		cout << array[i] << endl;
	return 0;
}

The first solution runs a for loop N times, and in each iteration it reads two integers and then prints out their sum. The second solution reads all the input into an array and only starts printing output after all the input has been read.

Some people are tempted to write the second solution because they imagine that input and output occur on a terminal and that the contents of the terminal after the program has completed must be the input followed by the output. This is not the case; input will come from a file and output will go to a file, and the two will never interfere with each other.

Thus, it is allowed (and encouraged, in fact) to print the answer to each test case as soon as you get it.

Summary of supported languages

Language	Compiler/Compiler/Interpreter	Compiler switches	Runtime switches	Sample A Plus B code
C++	g++ 4.1.3	g++-4.1 -O2 -DONLINE_JUDGE	None	#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int a, b; cin >> a >> b; cout << a+b << endl; }
Pascal	Free Pascal 2.4.0-2	fpc -So -dONLINE_JUDGE -O2	None	var a,b: integer; begin readln(a,b); writeln(a+b); end.
C	gcc 4.4.3	gcc -O2 -lm -DONLINE_JUDGE	None	main() { int a, b; scanf("%d %d", &a, &b); printf("%d\n", a+b); return 0; }
Haskell	ghc-6.12.1	ghc -O -fvia-c +RTS -V0	None	main = do x <- getLine y <- getLine print (read x + read y)
Assembly (Intel x86)	nasm 2.07	nasm -f elf ld -s	None	See aplusb.asm
Ruby	ruby 1.8.7	N/A	None	puts Integer(gets) + Integer(gets)
Python	python 2.6.5	N/A	None	print int(raw_input()) + int(raw_input())
Java	Java version 1.6.0_18: OpenJDK (IcedTea6 1.8.1)	javac	None	import java.util.Scanner; public class aplusb { public static void main(String args[]) { Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println(sc.nextInt()+sc.nextInt()); sc.close(); } }
PHP	PHP 5.3.2	N/A	-n	<?php echo fgets(STDIN) + fgets(STDIN) . "\n"; ?>
Output-only	N/A	N/A	N/A	1111
OCaml	OCaml 3.11.2	ocamlc	None	print_int (read_int()+read_int());; print_newline ();;
Perl	perl v5.10.1	N/A	None	print <> + <> . "\n";

Judge system specifications

• Operating system: Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal) 32-bit
• Processor: Intel® Xeon® CPU X3440 @ 2.53 GHz

• The CPU is dual-core, but multiprocessing has been disabled because it interferes with timing on the Judge server. Dedicated server machines do not suffer from the same issue, despite having multiple cores.

• Memory: 2 GB physical RAM, 1 GB swap

"My program compiles (or is correct) on my computer but not on the judge."

For loop variable scoping

This type of code compiles in Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 (but not here):

for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
{
	...
}
if (i == N)
{
	...
}

This is because in this case g++ conforms to the standard, which indicates that a variable declared as i is above is local to the for loop, whereas MSVC6 fails to conform to this part of the standard.

Strange C++ compilation errors

C++ compilers tend to give notoriously unhelpful error messages, for example:

/usr/include/c++/4.1.3/bits/stl_iterator_base_types.h: In instantiation of 'std::iterator_traits'

...

Often, this means that one of your variables is using the name of an existing function. Even if you have only included iostream, the Judge uses an old version of g++ that is less stanards-compliant than newer versions, and algorithm will automatically be included, so that names like count, fill, and transform, functions declared in that header, can trigger this error.

Execution discrepancies

If your program runs correctly on your computer but produces the wrong answer on the Judge, it is probably due to either uninitialized variables or out-of-bounds array access. Sometimes it can also be due to misunderstanding the input format.

Status Codes (and their likely meanings)

If your program is Accepted, congratulations!

The status codes WA (Wrong Answer) and CE (Compile Error) have very obvious meanings.

RE (Runtime Error) can have a variety of meanings. When a runtime error occurs, more information is often available:

• SIGSEGV - Invalid memory access: you're going out of bounds on an array, string, vector, etc.
• SIGFPE - Division by zero, square root of a negative, etc.
• SIGABRT - Uncaught exception or failed assertion in C++; can also be caused by popping empty stacks and the like
• Memory Corruption - same as SIGSEGV, but for other programming languages
• Uncaught Exception - same as SIGABRT, but for other programming languages

IR (Invalid Return) usually occurs only for programs submitted in interpreted languages, and may indicate a compile-time error (i.e., syntax error) or a runtime error.

TLE (Time Limit Exceeded) means that your code is too slow. (Note that the time limit is per test case). Often, this may mean that your code contains an infinite loop, and your program will never stop executing. In other cases it may mean that your program will terminate, but not within the time limit indicated. (Distinguishing between the two is the famous Halting Problem, which is impossible to solve.)

MLE (Memory Limit Exceeded) means that your program tried to allocate memory beyond the memory limit indicated. This can occur if you declare a very large array, or if a data structure in your program becomes too large.

OLE (Output Limit Exceeded) occurs very rarely, and indicates that your program tried to print an unacceptably large number of characters to standard output (i.e., more than 16 million). This usually means you have an infinite loop.

IE (Internal Error) is not your fault, and usually occurs during maintenance. Contact an admin if you are concerned; they will eventually rejudge your submission.

Note for Java users: The only error message that can be trusted is Accepted. All other error messages either do not occur or may not mean what they seem to. For example, you will probably never see Memory Limit Exceeded; instead, you will simply get Wrong Answer. This is because the JVM makes it difficult to determine what actually happened.

Grading

For regular problems, the judge compares your output character for character - except that it ignores the amount of whitespace. The file check.cpp contains the source code to the judge program used for the vast majority of problems in the archive.

OK	OK	NOT OK	NOT OK
A B C vs. A B C	A B C vs. A B C	A B C vs. A B C	A BC vs. A B C

Some problems have special graders that take care of multiple outputs. For these, the above rules usually still apply. To be safe, though, try to match the output format shown in the sample cases exactly, in the spirit of Postel's Law: Be generous in what you accept, rigorous in what you emit. (Usually, the guy before you will follow Postel's Law too; the problem setters do their best not to put trailing spaces and extra blank lines in the input.)

BBCode

Tags

• [quote]...[/quote] to quote a post
• [code]...[/code] for code (language automatically detected)
• [url]...[/url] for a link
• [i]...[/i] italic
• [b]...[/b] bold
• [u][/u] underline
• [color=red]...[/color] color
• [size=5]...[/size] size
• [sup]...[/sup] ^superscript
• [s]...[/s] strikethrough
• [list][*]A [*]B[/list]: list

• A
• B

Emoticons

Encase certain keywords between a pair of :: to make an emoticon. Here are the currently supported keywords:

:angel:
:applause:
:biggrin:
:confused:
:cool:
:eh:
:fear:
:impressed:
:kidding:
:mad:
:naughty:
:neutral:
:rolleyes:
:sad:
:sick:
:silenced:
:smile:
:think:
:tongue:
:twisted:
:whistle:
:wink: